Why Does Vantage Point Affect Boundary Extension?
Gagnier, K.M., Intraub, H., Oliva, A., & Wolfe, J. (2011). Visual Cognition, 19:2, 234-257.
To determine if layout affects boundary extension (BE: false memory beyond view-boundaries; Intraub & Richardson, 1989), 12 single-object scenes were photographed from 3 vantage points: central (0°), shifted rightward (45°), and shifted leftward (45°). Size and position of main objects were held constant. Pictures were presented for 15 s each and were repeated at test with their boundaries: a) displaced inward or outward (Experiment 1: N=120) or, b) identical to the stimulus views (Experiment 2: N=72). When participants adjusted test boundaries to match memory, BE always occurred, but tended to be smaller for 45? views. We propose this reflects the fact that more of the 3D scene is visible in the 45? views. This suggests that scene representation reflects the 3D world conveyed by the global characteristics of layout, rather than the 2D distance between the main object and the boundaries of a picture.